In this guide, you will learn to Change Runlevels on AlmaLinux 9. Runlevels are operational states that define what services and processes should be running on the system. They play a critical role in system administration, helping to manage system states and transitions smoothly.

Traditional Runlevels map to systemd targets in AlmaLinux 9

Runlevels are predefined modes of operation for a Unix-based operating system like Linux. Each Runlevel corresponds to a specific set of services that are started or stopped.

AlmaLinux 9, like many modern Linux distributions, uses systemd as its init system. Systemd has replaced the traditional SysV init system, introducing the concept of “targets” to replace runlevels. Targets provide a more flexible and powerful way to manage system states.

Here’s how traditional runlevels map to systemd targets in AlmaLinux 9:

Runlevel 0 → poweroff.targetRunlevel 1 → rescue.targetRunlevel 2, 3, 4 → multi-user.targetRunlevel 5 → graphical.targetRunlevel 6 → reboot.target

Now you can follow the steps below to Change Runlevels on AlmaLinux 9.

How To Change Runlevels on AlmaLinux 9?

To change Runlevels on AlmaLinux 9, you must log in to your server as a non-root user with sudo privileges. For this purpose, you can check this guide on Initial Server Setup with AlmaLinux 9.

Then, follow the steps below to complete this guide.

Check Current Runlevels:

First, you need to check the current runlevel (target) on AlmaLinux 9 by using the command below:

sudo systemctl get-default

With this command, you will see the default target that the system boots into.

Example Output
multi-user.target

Change Runlevels:

Now you can change the runlevel (target) by using the systemctl command followed by isolate and the desired target. For example, to switch to the graphical target (runlevel 5), you must run the following command:

sudo systemctl isolate graphical.target

To make your changes as the default target, so that the system boots into it automatically, use the following command:

sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target

Then, you can check your default target, you should see that it has been changed to your desired Runlevel.

That’s it, you are done.

Conclusion

Runlevels allow you to control the state and behavior of your system, ensuring that the right services are running for your needs, whether you’re operating a server, performing maintenance tasks, or using a desktop environment. At this point, you have learned to easily Change Runlevels on ALmaLinux 9.

Hope you enjoy it. Also, you may like to read the following articles:

Systemd Unit Files Full Guide with Examples

Disable systemd-resolved on Centos 7

If you manage a server and use ConfigServer Security & Firewall (CSF), you might face an error that says “Path to iptables not set or incorrect.” This error can be frustrating, but it’s usually a straightforward fix. This guide will show you the steps to fix this issue quickly. First, let’s understand this error and why it happens.

Understanding CSF Error – Path to iptables Not Set or Incorrect

CSF depends on iptables for managing firewall rules. If the path to iptables is not set correctly, CSF cannot function correctly. This error typically indicates that CSF cannot locate the iptables binary on your system.

Common Causes of the Error:

Incorrect installation of iptablesMisconfiguration in the csf.conf filePath changes because of updates or system changesPermission issues with the iptables binary

The exact error looks like this:

Error
*Error* The path to iptables is either not set or incorrect for IPTABLES [/usr/sbin/ip6tables] in /etc/csf/csf.conf at /usr/local/csf/lib/ConfigServer/URLGet.pm line 26.
Compilation failed in require at /usr/sbin/csf line 21.
BEGIN failed–compilation aborted at /usr/sbin/csf line 21.

To resolve this CSF Error “Path to iptables Not Set or Incorrect”, follow the steps below.

Steps To Fix The path to iptables is either not set or incorrect for IPTABLES

Now that you have understood the causes of the error, you can easily do the following steps to fix CSF Error – Path to iptables Not Set or Incorrect.

Solution 1 – Install iptables

One of the causes of this issue is that you may have the incorrect installation of iptables. First, ensure that iptables is installed on your system. To do this, you can run the command below:

iptables –version

If iptables is not installed, you’ll need to install it. On most Linux distributions, you can install iptables by using the following commands:

sudo apt install iptables # For Debian/Ubuntu
sudo dnf install iptables # For CentOS/RHEL

Then, rerun the CSF config commands, if you don’t see any errors, means it is resolved.

Solution 2 – Update CSF Configuration File

If you have iptables installed on your server, you need to find the correct path to the iptables binary. To do this, you can run the command below:

which iptables

This command should return a path, typically it is located under /sbin/iptables or /usr/sbin/iptables.

Then, open your CSF config file with your desired text editor like Vi Editor or Nano Editor:

sudo vi /etc/csf/csf.conf

In the file, look for the following lines:

# Path to iptables binary
IPTABLES = “/sbin/iptables”

Then, update IPTABLES to your correct path of the iptables binary. Once you are done, save and close the file. After that, restart CSF and LFD to apply the changes:

sudo csf -r
sudo systemctl restart lfd

To verify everything is working correctly, check the status of CSF with the commands below:

sudo csf -e # Enable CSF
sudo csf -d # Disable CSF

If you don’t see any errors, the issue (Path to iptables Not Set or Incorrect) should be resolved.

Solution 3 – Check Permissions For iptables

Incorrect permissions can also cause this error. You can verify the permissions with the following command:

ls -l /usr/sbin/iptables
Or
ls -l /sbin/iptables

If the permissions are not set correctly, you can modify them using the command below:

sudo chmod 755 /usr/sbin/iptables
Or
sudo chmod 755 /sbin/iptables

To ensure everything is configured correctly, run a test command to see if iptables responds:

sudo iptables -L

Source: ConfigServer Community Forum

Summing Up

Dealing with the “Error The path to iptables is either not set or incorrect” error can be challenging, but with the right steps, it can be resolved efficiently. By verifying paths, adjusting configurations, and ensuring proper permissions, you can fix this issue. Regular maintenance and updates will help prevent similar issues in the future.

Hope you enjoy it. Also, you may like to read the following articles:

CSF Firewall on CyberPanel – Installation and Configuration

Enable and Configure the CSF Firewall on CWP

How to Allow a Specific Port for a Particular IP in CSF

Install and Configure CSF Firewall on cPanel

Fix Exceeded LOCALRELAY limit* Error

Fix Error Module Not Found named ‘distutils’

CachyOS June 2024 Release: The CachyOS team has just released their latest ISO snapshot for June 2024, and it’s packed with exciting updates! This new release supports more hardware, includes a fresh edition for portable devices, and brings several other enhancements.

What’s New in CachyOS June 2024 Release

On 9 June 2024, the CachyOS team released their 7th release this year with amazing changes and improvements.

T2 MacBook Support

The June 2024 release now supports T2 MacBooks in the default CachyOS edition. However, a little heads-up: Wi-Fi and Bluetooth won’t work immediately after installation. You’ll need to follow specific instructions from the official website to patch the OS and get these features up and running.

New Handheld Edition

For those who prefer using Linux on portable devices, the CachyOS Handheld Edition is here! This edition is making its first stable appearance with the June 2024 snapshot. It’s perfect for devices like the Steam Deck, Lenovo Legion Go, and Asus ROG Ally. Now, you can enjoy Linux on the go with ease.

NVIDIA GPU Enhancements

This release includes the beta version of the upcoming NVIDIA 555 graphics driver series, featuring explicit GPU sync support and other improvements. There are also patched compositors with explicit sync support and better sleep functionality on Wayland.

Handy New Script: cachy-chroot

A new script, cachy-chroot, has been introduced to guide you through the chroot process. It helps you correctly mount partitions and properly detect Btrfs subvolumes, making the setup process smoother and more efficient.

Additional Updates and ImprovementsISO to RAM: If you have enough space, you can now copy the CachyOS ISO to your computer’s RAM for a faster boot experience.File System: Btrfs is now the default file system for new installations, replacing XFS.Firewall: The firewalld firewall has been replaced with ufw for better security management.Component Updates: Various system components have been updated to their latest versions.Get the Latest Version of CachyOS

The new CachyOS version is available for download now in both Desktop and Handheld editions from the official website. The Desktop edition features the latest KDE Plasma 6.0.5 desktop environment and is powered by Linux 6.9.

Source: CachyOS Announcement Page

Get more news and guides on the Orcacore website.

If you use CSF firewall for managing your server firewall, you might face this error Warning Binary Location for HOST Incorrect. The full error looks like this :

Error
*WARNING* Binary location for [HOST] [/usr/bin/host] in /etc/csf/csf.conf is either incorrect, is not installed or is not executable

The error message you saw indicates that the ConfigServer Security & Firewall (CSF) is having trouble finding or executing the host command, which is typically located in /usr/bin/host. Now you can follow the steps below to resolve CSF Error: Warning Binary Location for HOST Incorrect.

Quick Solution To Resolve CSF Error: Warning Binary Location for HOST Incorrect

As we said, the cause of this warning message is that CSF can’t find or execute the host command. To fix this issue, follow the steps below:

1- Check if the host is Installed:

First, you need to verify if the host command is installed on your system. To do this, you can run the command below:

which host

If you don’t see anything in your output, means the host is not installed on your server.

2- Install host:

If the host is not installed, you need to install it. The host command is part of the bind-utils package on CentOS/RHEL and dnsutils on Debian/Ubuntu. You can use the following commands to install it:

sudo dnf install bind-utils #Centos/RHEL
sudo apt install dnsutils #Debian/Ubuntu

After your installation is completed, verify the host command again:

which host

In your output, you should see /usr/bin/host or another valid path.

3- Update CSF Config File:

At this point, you must edit the CSF config file, find the Host line, and update it to the correct path. To do this, you can use the following command:

sudo vi /etc/csf/csf.conf

Find the line with HOST and update it to the correct path. For example:

# If the output of `which host` was /usr/local/bin/host, update to:
HOST = “/usr/local/bin/host”

When you are done, save and close the file.

4- Check the Correct Permissions:

Now you need to be sure that the host binary is executable. To do this, you can run the command below:

sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/host

Adjust the path if the host is located elsewhere.

Finally, restart the CSF to apply the changes:

sudo csf -r

At this point, you should be able to fix CSF Error: Warning Binary Location for HOST Incorrect.

Additional Tips For WARNING Binary location for [HOST]

Here are some additional tips to fix the binary location for the host in CSF:

Log Files: If the problem persists, check the CSF log files for more detailed error messages. The logs are typically located in /var/log/lfd.log.Reinstall CSF: In a few cases, if the issue persists even after following these steps, consider reinstalling CSF to ensure all configurations are correct.

By following these steps, you should be able to resolve the error related to the binary location for the host command in your CSF configuration.

Conclusion

If your CSF firewall having trouble finding and executing the Host command, you need to install the host command and update the correct path in the CSF config file. You can easily do the above steps to Fix CSF Error: Warning Binary Location for HOST Incorrect.

Hope it was helpful. Also, you may like to read the following articles:

Fix unknown filesystem type NTFS error in Linux

Fix APEI Generic Hardware Error Source in Linux

How To Clear Yum Cache on Centos 7

Fix APT Error Download is performed unsandboxed as root

Fix Error Group development tools is not available

This guide intends to teach you OpenLiteSpeed Setup on Ubuntu 24.04 with MariaDB and PHP which means LOMP Stack. The LOMP stack is a set of open-source software used together to run dynamic websites and servers. LOMP stands for:

Linux: The operating systemOpenLiteSpeed: The web serverMySQL/MariaDB: The database management systemPHP: The server-side scripting language

Now proceed to the following steps to start OpenLiteSpeed Setup on Ubuntu 24.04 with MariaDB and PHP.

OpenLiteSpeed Setup on Ubuntu 24.04 – Install LOMP Stack

Before you start OpenLiteSpeed Setup on Ubuntu 24.04, you need to log in to your server as a non-root user with sudo privileges and set up a basic UFW firewall on Ubuntu 24.04. Then, follow the steps below to complete this guide.

Step 1 – Install and Configure OpenLiteSpeed on Ubuntu 24.04

First, you need to run the system update and upgrade with the command below:

sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y

Then, add the OpenLiteSpeed repository to your server with the following command:

sudo wget -O – https://repo.litespeed.sh | sudo bash

Once you are done, run the system update to apply the new repository:

sudo apt update

Now complete your OpenLiteSpeed Setup on Ubuntu 24.04 by using the command below:

sudo apt install openlitespeed -y

Next, your OpenLiteSpeed must be enabled and activated. To verify this, you can run the following command:

sudo systemctl status lsws

In your output, you should see:

At this point, you need to update the firewall rules for OpenLiteSpeed on Ubuntu 24.04. To do this, you must allow the following ports through your UFW firewall:

sudo ufw allow 7080,80,443,8088/tcp

Reload the firewall to apply the changes:

sudo ufw reload

In your terminal, you need to set the OpenLiteSpeed administrator account credentials with the following command:

sudo /usr/local/lsws/admin/misc/admpass.sh

Finally, you can access your OpenLiteSpeed Admin panel by following the URL below:

http://your_server_ip:7080
Or
http://localhost:7080

You will see your OpenLiteSpeed Admin login screen. Enter the credentials you have made and click login to access your admin dashboard.

To get more information, you can visit the official website.

Step 2 – Install MariaDB For OpenLiteSpeed on Ubuntu 24.04

At this point, you can install MariaDB as your database engine. To do this, you can simply run the command below:

sudo apt install mariadb-server -y

Then, run the security script for the initial setup:

sudo mysql_secure_installation

Set a password for your MariaDB and accept the other questions to continue.

Step 3 – Install PHP For OpenLiteSpeed on Ubuntu 24.04

As you may know, the OpenLiteSpeed web server comes bundled with one PHP version. To know which version of PHP was pre-installed with your OpenLiteSpeed server, click the button in the Test PHP section of the example website or visit the following URL:

http://your_server_ip:8088/phpinfo.php
Or
http://localhost:8088/phpinfo.php

As you can see, Ubuntu 24.04 ships with the latest PHP version which is PHP 8.3. From there, you can host a variety of PHP applications and frameworks.

Conclusion

OpenLiteSpeed is designed for high performance and can handle a large number of simultaneous connections, making it ideal for busy websites. At this point, you have learned OpenLiteSpeed Setup on Ubuntu 24.04 with MariaDB and PHP which is LOMP Stack. Hope you enjoy it.

Also, you may like to read the following articles:

How To Install LEMP Stack on Ubuntu 22.04

Install LAMP Stack on Debian 12 Bookworm

LEMP Stack Setup with Docker Compose on Debian / Ubuntu

LAMP Stack Setup on Fedora 39 From Terminal

Even though we’re still weeks away from the rumoured launch of the Galaxy Z foldable handsets, a new leak from GalaxyClub in the Netherlands skips past the foldables and reveals details about the Galaxy S25 series.

The report claims that the Galaxy S25 and S25+ will sport the same triple camera setup on the back and the same 12-megapixel shooter on the front. Samsung has been giving the lesser S series devices the same cameras since the S21, which is disappointing. We want new camera hardware, Samsung.

The S25 Ultra will get an improved 200-megapixel shooter, 50-megapixel ultrawide, and 50-megapixel 3x and 5x telephoto shooters.

The leak also indicates that the S25 will not get a battery bump either.

Samsung’s S25 series isn’t expected until early next year, but until then, Samsung will have the foldables to tie you over. Samsung is expected to launch its foldables in July.

MobileSyrup may earn a commission from purchases made via our links, which helps fund the journalism we provide free on our website. These links do not influence our editorial content. Support us here.

During John Gruber’s post-WWDC interview with a few Apple execs, it came to light that having a modern neural engine with around 16 cores and 8GB of RAM makes a big difference when running Apple Intelligence.

Apple’s head of machine learning, John Giannandrea, clarified that older devices could run Apple Intelligence, but it would be too slow to be considered useful.

When responding to the backlash and the idea that Apple is only using this feature to sell iPhones, Giannandrea points out that not every iPad the company sells supports Apple Intelligence.

That said, Apple’s upcoming iPhones and other devices will likely use chipsets that support the latest AI features.

Apple Intelligence is slated to enter beta in the fall, and some features are even rumoured to be delayed until early 2025.

Distributed also on: The Talk Show Via: Phone Arena 

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Of all the games I played at Summer Game Fest (SGF), Hello Kitty Island Adventure was probably the most out of my wheelhouse. That’s because these kinds of Animal Crossing-style sim games aren’t normally my thing. But after hearing my colleague, Bradley Bennett, praise Island Adventure, I was curious to check it out once the appointment invite came my way.

And lo and behold, I was pretty impressed with the breadth of content of the experience. During a post-SGF Nintendo Direct, developer Sunblink confirmed that Island Adventure, which has only been available on Apple Arcade since last July, will be launching next year on PC and Nintendo Switch (as a timed console exclusive) followed by PS4 and PS5.

In general, I’m always happy to see expanded multiplatform releases like this, as more people absolutely should be able to play any given game. But beyond that, I’m looking forward to seeing a larger audience get to experience this game, in particular, given its quality.

The main reason for that is what it does differently from other sim games. Yes, there’s a lot of the island customization and cute characters that you’d expect from the genre, just enhanced with Sanrio’s massively popular cast of familiar Hello Kitty faces like the titular cat, Cinnamoroll and Kuromi. But it’s the various gameplay twists that shake things up.

For one, venturing off into a more forested area of the island meant I had to climb up a hill, and I was surprised to see a little Breath of the Wild-style stamina wheel pop up. This adds a bit of the Zelda game’s strategy to the mix, as you have to be more methodical in when and where to climb. This also factors into reaching underwater areas, which, alongside the likes of volcanic and icy mountaintops, only further expands the variety of locations.

In these areas, you’ll also have to take on little platforming challenges beyond simply climbing, including jumping and gliding with little balloons. I was never expecting “dungeons” in a Hello Kitty game, but they’re a solid addition. All told, these exploration and platforming elements are simple enough to be easy for all audiences to pick up and play and I appreciated how they shook up the core gameplay loop.

Of course, the core of the social sim genre — the town management and character interactions — is here, with some welcome tweaks. Most appealing to me is the fact that there’s no monetary economy, so you never have to worry about owing anyone money. Instead, you exchange items with each character, and figuring out which ones they prefer will help further your relationship with them. I’ve always enjoyed this angle of the sim genre, even in RPGs like Persona and Fire Emblem, and that remains true here.

The only area in which the demo faltered was in its performance; the Switch version I was playing chugged a fair bit. Still, there’s plenty of time between now and launch to iron out these kinks, especially since I was clearly playing an early build.

Otherwise, I dug what I played, and I’m surprised to say that as someone who has no attachment to either sims or Hello Kitty. The fact that the game is coming to other platforms roughly two years after its Apple Arcade debut means new players will have even more content to experience (on top of continued free updates), which should address a concern Bradley Bennett had in his original preview. And, of course, there’s multiplayer, which I didn’t get to try but will no doubt add even more value for people.

Definitely Hello Kitty Island Adventure on your radar going into 2025. For now, the game is available on Apple Arcade, which costs $6.99/month.

Image credit: Sunblink

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If you are a student and want to buy a Mac or iPad for the back-to-school season there are a few deals going on at the Apple Store.

$200 Apple gift card included with – MacBook Air, MacBook Pro, iMac
$140 Apple gift card included with – Mac mini, iPad Air, iPad Pro

Beyond that, Apple is also offering 20 percent off AppleCare+ which should help protect your products from some accidental breaks. This isn’t new but the site also highlights that students get Apple TV+ for free when they sign up for an Apple Music student plan.

Distributed also on: Apple Store

MobileSyrup may earn a commission from purchases made via our links, which helps fund the journalism we provide free on our website. These links do not influence our editorial content. Support us here.